Chapter 5 – Glimpses of India Solutions

Content structure

• 1. About the Author
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa (Lucio Rodrigues)
  • Part II – Coorg (Lokesh Abrol)
  • Part III – Tea from Assam (Arup Kumar Datta)
• 2. Theme of the Glimpses of India
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa
  • Part II – Coorg
  • Part III – Tea from Assam
• 3. Summary of the Glimpses of India
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa
    • Part – I
    • Part – II
  • Part II – Coorg
  • Part III – Tea from Assam
• 4. Word Meanings
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa
  • Part II – Coorg
  • Part III – Tea from Assam
• 5. Oral Comprehension Check
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa
    • Part I
    • Part II
• 6. Exercise questions and answers (NCERT)
  • Part I – A Baker from Goa
    • Thinking about the text
    • Writing
    • Group Discussion
  • Part II – Coorg
    • Thinking about the text
    • Thinking about the language
  • Part III – Tea from Assam
    • Thinking about Language
    • Speaking and Writing

1. About the Author

Part I – A Baker from Goa (Lucio Rodrigues)

Lucio Rodrigues was a kind and talented man from Goa, born on April 15, 1915. He loved stories and music from his home state and wrote many of them in English and Konkani, sharing the lives and traditions of the Goan people. He also taught English at colleges in Mumbai and Goa, helping students grow and learn. His famous story, “A Baker from Goa,” talks about village bakers who made delicious bread and played an important role in Goan culture. His writing helps us remember and celebrate Goa’s rich heritage. He passed away on August 9, 1973.

Part II – Coorg (Lokesh Abrol)

Dr. Lokesh Abrol is a kind and helpful doctor from India who loves writing stories about nature, travel, and different places across the country. His most famous work is “Coorg,” which describes a beautiful region in India. He established a hospital and also cares for animals like cows. Dr. Abrol founded the Arvindam Foundation, a group that offers free lessons in music, dance, and many other subjects to underprivileged children. He writes to express his thoughts, feelings, and love for the world around him. In this story, he teaches readers that helping others is a valuable habit that benefits everyone.

Part III – Tea from Assam (Arup Kumar Datta)

Arup Kumar Datta is a well-known writer from India, born on July 2, 1946. His books often focus on nature, animals, and adventurous stories that are especially exciting for children. His most famous book, The Kaziranga Trail, won a national award. He also worked as a journalist and enjoys writing about real places and events. His well-known book, Tea from Assam, describes the beautiful tea gardens of Assam. His stories inspire children, help them learn more about India, and are enjoyable for all readers.

2. Theme of the Glimpses of India

Part I – A Baker from Goa

• The story shows the old way of life in Goa, when bread played an important role in everyone’s daily routine.
• The story explains the importance of bread and introduces different types, like cakes, bol, and other baked items that were part of Goan tradition.
• The author explains that bakers had a special style of dress making them easy to recognize in the village.

This story helps people understand how important bread was in daily life and how it was used during special occasions. It shows that no event or festival felt complete without bread, as it was enjoyed by people of all ages, including the young, the old, and children.

Part II – Coorg

• The story shows the natural beauty of the small village of Coorg, where people can see wild animals, fish, birds, butterflies, and even elephants walking on the road.
• The author tells us that the people of Coorg are brave and strong. Many of them join the Indian army, and they are known across the country for their courage and loyalty.
• The author talks about fun and adventurous activities like rafting, trekking, and climbing, which make the place exciting and enjoyable for visitors.

The story shows Coorg as a peaceful and beautiful place, full of nature and adventure. It also helps readers feel the kindness of the people and the charm of the land, leaving them with a warm and happy feeling after reading

Part III – Tea from Assam

• This story tells about the history of tea and how it became popular all over the world.
• It helps children understand how tea is made, how the workers pick tea leaves and work in the tea gardens.
• The author describes the beautiful green state of Assam, where readers see tea gardens spread across the hills and plains.

The story also shows Rajvir’s great interest and excitement to learn about tea and how it goes from the garden to the cup. It also helps readers enjoy the beauty of Assam and understand why tea is so special in this place.

3. Summary of the Glimpses of India

Part I – A Baker from Goa

Part – I

The story brings back happy memories of old Goa, where bakers were known as paders. The baker would visit the neighborhood every morning and evening, carrying a large basket full of fresh bread on his head. He always made a jingling sound with a bamboo stick to announce his arrival. This sound was special and woke the children up with excitement. They would rush out of their homes to meet the baker. Adults bought big loaves of bread for the family, but children liked the small, sweet, ring-shaped breads called bread bangles. These were their favorite treats, which brought them great joy. The baker would greet everyone politely and hand the bread to the maid of the house. The children would eagerly try to peek into the basket, hoping to grab their favorite bread first. The bread was so tasty that many children ate it without even brushing their teeth, thinking that hot tea would clean everything.

Part – II

In this passage, we learn about the importance of bread in village life, where no event in the past felt complete without it. Bread played a central role in all celebrations like weddings, parties and festivals where sweet types like bol, cakes and bolinhas were commonly used and for this reason every village kept a baker’s oven. Bakers wore a special dress called a kabai. In earlier times, it was a long, single-piece frock, but later it changed to shirts and trousers that were longer than shorts yet shorter than full-length pants. Even today, if someone wears such trousers, people jokingly say it looks like a pader baker’s style.The baker didn’t collect money every day, so he took payments once a month and kept a record of each day’s orders by writing them on the wall. People thought baking was a good and respected job, and bakers with their families looked happy, healthy, and well-fed because they ate well. Some even said they looked strong and chubby.

Part II – Coorg

In the story, the author describes a small and beautiful place in Karnataka, India, called Kodagu also known as Coorg. It lies between the cities of Mysore and Mangalore, and the region is filled with green forests, coffee farms, hills, and various animals, making it look like a piece of heaven. Coorg experiences heavy rain during the monsoon season but the best time to visit is from September to March when the air is fresh and carries the pleasant smell of coffee. The thick trees hide traditional houses and coffee estates adding to the region’s charm. The people of Coorg are known for being brave and friendly. It is believed that their ancestors came from Greece and Arabia, and they wore a long coat called a kuppia which looks similar to Arabic clothing. Many people from Coorg have proudly served in the Indian Army and the first Indian Army Chief General Cariappa, was also from this region. Interestingly Coorg is the only place in India where people are allowed to use firearms without a license. The famous River Kaveri flows through the hills of Coorg, and its surroundings are home to animals like elephants, squirrels, birds, and fish. People enjoy watching elephants bathe in the river which is a peaceful and delightful sight. Coorg is also ideal for adventure lovers, offering exciting activities such as rafting, climbing, biking, and trekking through nature trails. On the way travelers often spot wild animals like monkeys, elephants, birds, and butterflies, which makes the journey even more enjoyable. The author also mentions the Brahmagiri hills, which provide a lovely view of the natural landscape. There is a beautiful island nearby called Nisargadhama, as well as the Tibetan camp at Bylakuppe, where many Buddhist monks live in colorful robes. Overall, Coorg is a place full of natural beauty and adventure with people who are among the most warm-hearted in India and it truly reflects the rich charm of Indian nature and culture.

Part III – Tea from Assam

The story is about two friends, Rajvir and Pranjol, who travel by train to Assam, a state in India known for its green and beautiful tea gardens. They sip hot tea on the train and talk about how popular tea is all over the country. Rajvir, curious and excited, shares some fascinating facts about the history of tea. He talks about a Chinese emperor who discovered tea by accident and an Indian legend about a monk named Bodhidharma, who is believed to have introduced tea to help people stay awake. As the train moves through Assam, Rajvir is amazed by the endless stretches of green tea plantations. Everywhere he looks, he sees neat rows of tea bushes covering the hills. In contrast, Pranjol seems less excited, since he has grown up in Assam and is already used to such views. When they arrive at the Dhekiabari Tea Estate, where Pranjol’s father works, they get a closer look at how tea is grown and collected. Rajvir notices groups of workers in the fields, plucking the soft, young tea leaves from the bushes and placing them into large baskets they carry on their backs. These freshly picked leaves are then used to produce some of the finest tea in the country. The story also explains how tea is processed after harvesting. It begins with the plucking stage, where workers select only the tender leaves. Then comes the collecting stage, where the leaves are gathered and loaded into trailers. After that, in the factory stage, the leaves are taken to processing units like the one Rajvir sees with smoke rising from its chimneys where they are dried, rolled, and prepared for use. Rajvir learns that the time from May to July is called the second-flush period, which is known for producing the best quality tea leaves. Although Rajvir is discovering all this for the first time, Pranjol’s father already knows a lot about tea production, having worked in the tea industry for years. In the end, the story not only teaches readers about tea and its production process but also highlights interesting historical facts and the natural beauty of Assam. Most importantly, it reminds us that behind every cup of tea lies the hard work of many people and the richness of nature.

4. Word Meanings

Part I – A Baker from Goa

Word	Meanings
Reminiscing nostalgically	Remembering old happy times
Heralding	Showing something is coming
Rebuke	Scolding or correction
Fragrance	Sweet smell
Plump physique	Round and soft body
Open testimony	Clear proof or sign
Moulders	People who shape things
Extinguished	Put out or stopped
Parapet	Low wall or railing
Furnace	Place for heating or baking
Prosperous	Rich and doing well
Testimony	Proof or evidence

Part II – Coorg

Word	Meanings
Drifted from	Moved away slowly
Martial	Related to soldiers or fighting
Canopies	Tops or coverings of trees
Prime	Best or most important
Mainstream	Common or usual way
Tales of valour	Stories of bravery
Most decorated	Given many awards or honors
Laidback	Calm and relaxed
Rafting	Riding on a boat in fast water
Canoeing	Paddling a small boat
Rappelling	Climbing down a rock with a rope
Trails	Paths for walking or hiking
Panoramic view	Wide and full view of an area
Commences	Begins or starts
Invigorating	Fresh and full of energy
Impractical	Not possible or useful
Willing	Ready to do something
Splash	Water jumping or making noise when it hits something

Part III – Tea from Assam

Word	Meanings
Ardent	Very eager or excited
Dwarfing	Making something look small
Amidst	In the middle of
Billowing	Rising or spreading out like smoke or clouds
Twigs	Small thin branches of a tree
Eyelids	The skin that covers your eyes
Banished sleep	Made sleep go away
Sprouting period	Small, thin branches of a tree

5. Oral Comprehension Check

Part I – A Baker from Goa

Part I

1. What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
Ans: The elders in Goa remember the old days when Portuguese people ruled. They feel happy thinking about the time when fresh bread was made every day, and the baker came with his basket. They miss the tasty bread and the sound of the baker’s stick.

2. Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
Ans: Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. The story says that the old-style furnaces are still used, and bakers are still working. You can even hear the sound of the baker’s stick in some villages, just like in the past.

3. What is the baker called?
Ans: In Goa, the baker is called a pader.

4. When would the baker come everyday? Why did the children run to meet him?
Ans: The baker came every morning. The children ran to meet him because he brought tasty bread and sweet bread-rings called bread-bangles. The kids loved getting treats from him.

Part II

1. Match the following. What is a must
(i) as marriage gifts? – cakes and bolinhas
(ii) for a party or a feast? – sweet bread called bol
(iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – bread
(iv) for Christmas? – sweet bread called bol– bread– sandwiches
Ans:
(i) as marriage gifts? – cakes and bolinhas
(ii) for a party or a feast? – bread
(iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – sandwiches
(iv) for Christmas?– sweet bread called bol– bread– Sweet bread called bol

2. What did the bakers wear: (i) in the Portuguese days? (ii) when the author was young?
Ans: In the Portuguese days, bakers wore a long, white robe called a kabai that reached down to their knees. It gave them a special look.
During the author’s childhood, bakers usually wore a simple shirt with trousers that were shorter than full-length pants. These short pants looked quite funny and became a common way to recognize them.

3. Who invites the comment — “he is dressed like a pader”? Why?
Ans: People say “he is dressed like a pader” when someone wears really short and funny-looking trousers, like the bakers used to wear in old times. It’s a playful way of teasing someone about their clothes, especially if the pants look too short or odd.

4. Where were the monthly accounts of the baker recorded?
Ans: The baker didn’t give bills right away. Instead, he kept a record of everything on a wall using a pencil. At the end of the month, the families would pay him based on that simple record.

5. What does a ‘jackfruit -like appearance’ mean?
Ans: The phrase ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ means someone who is plump and chubby, kind of like the shape of a jackfruit big and round with a rough look. It was a fun way to describe the baker’s healthy size from eating so many goodies!

6. Exercise questions and answers (NCERT)

Part I – A Baker from Goa

Thinking about the text

1. Which of these statements are correct?
(i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
(ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
(iii) The paders went away with the Portuguese.
(iv) The paders continue to wear a single-piece long frock.
(v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
(vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.
(vii) Paders and their families starve in the present times.
Ans:
(i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
(ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
(v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
(vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.

2. Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?
Ans: Yes, bread is a very important part of Goan life. The story tells us that bread is needed for many special occasions like weddings, parties, Christmas, and even for everyday tea-time. People in Goa cannot imagine a celebration without bread or cakes, which shows how important it is in their lives.

3. Tick the right answer. What is the tone of the author when he says the following?
(i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo can still be heard in some places. (nostalgic, hopeful, sad)
(ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession. (nostalgic, hopeful, sad)
(iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. (nostalgic, hopeful, naughty)
(iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all. (naughty, angry, funny)
(v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. (sad, hopeful, matter-of-fact)
(vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous. (matter-of-fact, hopeful, sad)
Ans:
(i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo can still be heard in some places. (nostalgic)
(ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession. (hopeful)
(iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. (nostalgic)
(iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all. (funny)
(v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. (matter-of-fact)
(vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous. (matter-of-fact)

Writing

I. In this extract, the author talks about traditional bread-baking during his childhood days. Complete the following table with the help of the clues on the left. Then write a paragraph about the author’s childhood days.

Clues	Author’s childhood days
the way bread was baked
the way the pader sold bread
what the pader wore
when the pader was paid
how the pader looked

Ans:

Clues	Author’s childhood days
the way bread was baked	Bread was baked in traditional wood-fired furnaces.
the way the pader sold bread	The pader came door to door with a basket, announcing his arrival with a bamboo stick.
what the pader wore	He wore a shirt and trousers shorter than full-length pants, looking like half-pants.
when the pader was paid	The pader was paid monthly; accounts were recorded with pencil marks on the wall.
how the pader looked	He looked plump and happy, with a jackfruit-like round appearance.

II. 1. Compare the piece from the text (on the left below) with the other piece on Goan bakers (on the right). What makes the two texts so different? Are the facts the same? Do both writers give you a picture of the baker?

Our elders are often heard reminiscing nostalgically about those good old Portuguese days, the Portuguese and their famous loaves of bread. Those eaters of loaves might have vanished but the makers are still there. We still have amongst us the mixers, the moulders and those who bake the loaves. Those age-old, time-tested furnaces still exist. The fire in the furnaces had not yet been extinguished. The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo, heralding his arrival in the morning, can still be heard in some places. May be the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession

After Goa’s liberation, people used to say nostalgically that the Portuguese bread vanished with the paders. But the paders have managed to survive because they have perfected the art of door-to door delivery service. The paders pick up the knowledge of bread making from traditions in the family. The leavened, oven-baked bread is a gift of the Portugues to India. [Adapted from Nandakumar Kamat’s ‘The Unsung Lives of Goan Paders’]

Ans: The two texts are different in tone and purpose. The first one is written in a nostalgic and personal way. It shares warm memories of the author’s childhood, the sounds of the baker’s bamboo stick, and how the tradition still lives on. The second text is more factual and talks about how the baking tradition in Goa has survived even after Portuguese rule. It highlights the bakers’ door-to-door service and how bread-making is a family skill. While both texts talk about Goan bakers and give the same basic facts, the first one paints a lively, emotional picture of the baker, while the second one gives more background and history.

2. Now find a travel brochure about a place you have visited. Look at the description in the brochure. Then write your own account, adding details from your own experience, to give the reader a picture of the place, rather than an impersonal, factual description.

Ans:
Travel Brochure Description:
Darjeeling, the Queen of the Hills, is known for its cool climate, tea gardens, and beautiful views of the snow-capped Himalayas. Tourists enjoy visiting Tiger Hill for sunrise, riding the toy train, and sipping world-famous Darjeeling tea.

My Trip to Beautiful Darjeeling
I visited Darjeeling last summer, and it felt like a dream. The air was cool and fresh, and the green tea gardens were everywhere. One morning, we got up early to see the sunrise from Tiger Hill. The golden light on the mountains looked magical! I also loved riding the toy train and waving at the children along the way. At a tea garden, we watched women pluck tea leaves and tasted warm, tasty tea. Darjeeling was calm, beautiful, and full of kind people. It was one of the best trips I’ve ever had.

Group Discussion

1. In groups, collect information on how bakeries bake bread now and how the process has changed over time.

Aspect	Traditional Method (Past)	Modern Method (Present)
Mixing Dough	Done by hand or with simple tools	Done using electric dough mixers
Dough Rising	Natural rising, sometimes overnight	Temperature-controlled rising in special rooms
Baking Method	Baked in wood-fired clay or brick ovens	Baked in gas or electric ovens with timers
Quantity Made	Small batches, baked for local people	Large-scale production in factories
Delivery/Sale	Door-to-door delivery in baskets by bakers (paders)	Sold in packed form at shops and supermarkets
Tools Used	Manual tools and bamboo sticks	Modern machines and baking equipment
Personal Touch	Bakers known in the community; personal interaction	Less personal, more commercial

Part II – Coorg

Thinking about the text

1. Where is Coorg?
Ans: Coorg is a small district in the state of Karnataka, in southern India. It lies between the cities of Mysore and Mangalore.

2. What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent?
Ans: There are two main stories about the origin of the Kodavu people. One story says they are descendants of Alexander the Great’s army who settled here long ago. Another story says they came from Arab regions, as their clothes and traditions are similar to Arab people.

3. What are some of the things you now know about
(i) the people of Coorg?
(ii) the main crop of Coorg?
(iii) the sports it offers to tourists?
(iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg?
(v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there?
Ans:
(i) The people of Coorg:
They are brave, friendly, and love telling stories of bravery. They are also known for their hospitality and for being part of the Indian Army.

(ii) The main crop of Coorg:
The main crop is coffee. Coorg is famous for its coffee plantations and rich aroma.

(iii) The sports it offers to tourists:
Coorg offers adventurous sports like river rafting, canoeing, rock climbing, trekking, and mountain biking.

(iv) The animals you are likely to see in Coorg:
You may see macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs, and parrots in the treetops. Elephants are also commonly seen, especially in the forests.

(v) Its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there:
Coorg is about 250–260 kilometers from Bangalore. You can reach it by road, through a beautiful journey full of greenery and hills.

4. Here are six sentences with some words in italics. Find phrases from the text that have the same meaning. (Look in the paragraphs indicated)
(i) During monsoons it rains so heavily that tourists do not visit Coorg. (para 2)
(ii) Some people say that Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled there. (para 3)
(iii) The Coorg people are always ready to tell stories of their sons’ and fathers’ valour. (para 4)
(iv) Even people who normally lead an easy and slow life get smitten by the high-energy adventure sports of Coorg. (para 6)
(v) The theory of the Arab origin is supported by the long coat with embroidered waist-belt they wear. (para 3)
(vi) Macaques, Malabar squirrels observe you carefully from the tree canopy. (para 7)
Ans:
(i) It pours enough to keep many visitors away during the monsoons.
(ii) Some believe that a part of Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled here.
(iii) They are always ready to recount numerous tales of valour related to their sons and fathers.
(iv) The most laid-back individuals become converts to the life of high-energy adventure.
(v) This theory is supported by the long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus.
(vi) Macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs, and slender loris keep a watchful eye from the tree canopy.

Thinking about the language

1. Here are some nouns from the text.

culture

monks

surprise

experience

weather

tradition

Work with a partner and discuss which of the nouns can collocate with which of the adjectives given below. The first one has been done for you.

unique

terrible

unforgettable

serious

ancient

wide

sudden

(i) culture: unique culture, ancient culture
(ii) monks:
(iii) surprise:
(iv) experience:
(v) weather:
(vi) tradition:
Ans:
(i) culture: unique culture, ancient culture
(ii) monks: ancient monks, serious monks
(iii) surprise: sudden surprise, unforgettable surprise
(iv) experience: unforgettable experience, unique experience, terrible experience
(v) weather: terrible weather, sudden weather, unpredictable weather
(vi) tradition: ancient tradition, unique tradition, wide tradition

2. Complete the following phrases from the text. For each phrase, can you find at least one other word that would fit into the blank?

(i) tales of __________________________
(ii) coastal ___
(iii) a piece of _________________
(iv) evergreen _______
(v) ___________________ plantations
(vi) _________________ bridge
(vii) wild ____________________________
You may add your own examples to this list
Ans:
(i) tales of valour : tales of adventure, bravery, mystery, horror
(ii) coastal town : coastal area, coastal region, coastal village
(iii) a piece of heaven : a piece of land, a piece of cake, a piece of advice
(iv) evergreen forests : evergreen trees, evergreen memories, evergreen music
(v) coffee plantations : tea plantations, rubber plantations, banana plantations
(vi) rope bridge : hanging bridge, wooden bridge, suspension bridge
(vii) wild elephants : wild animals, wild monkeys, wild flowers
(viii) thick mist : thick fog, thick jungle, thick smoke

Part III – Tea from Assam

Thinking about Language

I. 1. Look at these words: upkeep, downpour, undergo, dropout, walk-in. They are built up from a verb (keep, pour, go, drop, walk) and an adverb or a particle (up, down, under, out, in). Use these words appropriately in the sentences below. You may consult a dictionary.

(i) A heavy ___________________ has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will __________________ major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii) My brother is responsible for the ______________________ of our family property.
(iv) The ________________________ rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a ______________________ interview.
Ans:
(i) A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning
(iii) My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.
(iv) The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.

2. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences given below by combining the verb given in brackets with one of the words from the box as appropriate.

over

by

through

out

up

down

(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to __________ the Government. (throw)
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major ____________ in cancer research. (break)
(iii) The State Government plans to build a _______________ for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass)
(iv) Gautama’s _____________________ on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look)
(v) Rakesh seemed unusually _________ after the game. (cast)
Ans:
(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government. (throw + over)
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research. (break + through)
(iii) The State Government plans to build a bypass for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass + by)
(iv) Gautama’s outlook on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look + out)
(v) Rakesh seemed unusually downcast after the game. (down + cast)

II. 1. Think of suitable -ing or -ed adjectives to answer the following questions. You may also use words from those given above. How would you describe.

(i) a good detective serial on television? ________
(ii) a debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? ______________
(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? ________
(iv) how you feel when you open a present? ______
(v) how you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? ______________
(vi) the look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? ___________________
(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? _______________________
(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? ________________________
Ans:
(i) A good detective serial on television? interesting / exciting
(ii) A debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? exciting / engaging
(iii) How you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? bored
(iv) How you feel when you open a present? excited
(v) How you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? entertained / happy
(vi) The look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? tired / irritated
(vii) How you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? thrilled / scared / excited
(viii) The story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? interesting / touching / entertaining

2. Now use the adjectives in the exercise above, as appropriate, to write a paragraph about Coorg.

Coorg is an exciting place full of natural beauty and adventure. Visitors are thrilled by the sight of misty hills, lush green forests, and peaceful surroundings. Many tourists find the experience of trekking through the forests and spotting wild animals truly thrilling. People also enjoy learning about the brave Coorgi soldiers and their interesting history. The friendly and warm-hearted people of Coorg make every visitor feel welcomed and relaxed. A trip to Coorg is always refreshing and unforgettable.

Speaking and Writing

I. 1. Look at these words: upkeep, downpour, undergo, dropout, walk-in. They are built up from a verb (keep, pour, go, drop, walk) and an adverb or a particle (up, down, under, out, in).

Use these words appropriately in the sentences below. You may consult a dictionary.

(i) A heavy ____________ has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will __________________ major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii) My brother is responsible for the ________________ of our family property.
(iv) The ______________________ rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a _____________________ interview.

Ans:
(i) A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii) My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.
(iv) The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.

2. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences given below by combining the verb given in brackets with one of the words from the box as appropriate.

over

by

through

out

up

down

(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to ____________________ the Government. (throw)
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major _______________ in cancer research. (break)
(iii) The State Government plans to build a __________________ for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass)
(iv) Gautama’s ______________ on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look)
(v) Rakesh seemed unusually _____________ after the game. (cast)

Ans:
(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government. (throw + over)
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research. (break + through)
(iii) The State Government plans to build a bypass for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass + by)
(iv) Gautama’s outlook on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look + out)
(v) Rakesh seems to be downcast after failing the final exam. (cast + down)

II. Notice how these -ing and -ed adjectives are used

(a) Chess is an interesting game.	I am very interested in chess.
(b) Going trekking in the Himalayas this summer is an exciting idea.	We are very excited about the trek.
(c) Are all your school books this boring?	He was bored as he had no friends there.

The -ing adjectives show the qualities that chess, trekking, or these books have: they cause interest, excitement, or boredom in you. The —ed/—en adjectives show your mental state, or your physical state: how you feel in response to ideas, events or things.
Ans:

-ing Adjective	Example	-ed Adjective	Example
interesting	The movie was interesting.	interested	I was interested in the movie.
exciting	Trekking is an exciting adventure.	excited	We are excited about the trek.
boring	The class was boring.	bored	He felt bored during the class.
confusing	This puzzle is confusing.	confused	She is confused by the puzzle.
tiring	The journey was tiring.	tired	They were tired after the journey.

1. Think of suitable -ing or -ed adjectives to answer the following questions. You may also use words from those given above. How would you describe

(i) a good detective serial on television? _________
(ii) a debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? _____________________
(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? ______________
(iv) how you feel when you open a present? _____________
(v) how you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? ____________
(vi) the look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? _________
(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? _________
(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? ___________________
Ans:
(i) A good detective serial on television? Interesting
(ii) A debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? Exciting
(iii) How you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? Bored
(iv) How you feel when you open a present? Excited
(v) How you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? Entertained or Interested
(vi) The look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? Tired or Annoyed
(vii) How you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? Thrilled or Nervous
(viii) The story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? Fascinating or Boring

2. Now use the adjectives in the exercise above, as appropriate, to write a paragraph about Coorg.

Ans:

Speaking and Writing

1. Read the following passage about tea.

Collect information about tea, e.g. its evolution as a drink, its beneficial qualities. You can consult an encyclopedia or visit Internet websites. Then form groups of five and play the following roles: Imagine a meeting of a tea planter, a sales agent, a tea lover (consumer), a physician and a tea-shop owner. Each person in the group has to put forward his/her views about tea. You may use the following words and phrases.

I feel …
I disagree with you …
I would like you to know …
It is my feeling …
May I know why you …
It is important to know …
I think that tea …
I agree with …
I suggest …
I am afraid …

Ans:
Mr. Sen (Tea Planter): I would like you to know that tea is not just a drink, it is a part of our culture. We grow many types of tea on our plantations in Assam and Darjeeling. I feel proud to grow something that is enjoyed around the world.
Ms. Aditi (Sales Agent): I agree with Mr. Sen. As a sales agent, I’ve seen how popular tea has become. People prefer different flavours like green tea, lemon tea, and even herbal tea. I think that tea is no longer just a hot drink it’s a lifestyle choice.
Ravi (Tea Lover): I totally agree! I love having a cup of tea in the morning and evening. It helps me feel fresh and relaxed. It is my feeling that no other drink can replace tea in my daily life.
Dr. Mehta (Physician): I’m glad you all enjoy tea, but I would like you to know that too much tea, especially with milk and sugar, is not always good. However, green tea and herbal teas are rich in antioxidants. Scientific research shows tea can improve heart health and digestion.
Mr. Khan (Tea-Shop Owner): That’s true, Doctor. Many of my customers now ask for green or black tea. But I’m afraid not everyone likes the taste of herbal tea. I suggest we also educate people on how to drink tea in a healthier way.
Mr. Sen (Tea Planter): May I know why people avoid tea sometimes?
Dr. Mehta (Physician): Some people think tea causes acidity or sleep problems, especially if consumed in excess. But if taken in moderation, it is safe and even helpful.
Ms. Aditi (Sales Agent): It is important to know that tea exports also support thousands of workers and help our economy. Promoting tea helps both health and business.

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