Chapter 5.7.4 – Transport and communication system in India

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5.7.4: Transport and communication system in India

Content Structure

1. Multiple choice questions and answers (MCQs)
2. Very short-type questions and answers
- 2A. Fill in the blanks
- 2B. True or false
- 2C. Very short-type questions and answers
3. Short-type questions and answers
4. Analytical questions and answers
5. Explanatory questions and answers

1. Multiple choice questions and answers (MCQs) [1 mark each]

1. Which mode of transport is the fastest?
(a) Railways
(b) Roadways
(c) Airways
(d) Waterways

Ans: (c) Airways

2. Which organisation connects India with foreign telecommunication networks?
(a) BSNL
(b) MTNL
(c) VSNL
(d) AIR

Ans: (c) VSNL

3. The Golden Quadrilateral connects:
(a) Four states
(b) Four rivers
(c) Four metro cities
(d) Four ports

Ans: (c) Four metro cities

4. Which is the cheapest mode of transport?
(a) Airways
(b) Railways
(c) Roadways
(d) Waterways

Ans: (d) Waterways

5. Which of the following connects villages with towns?
(a) National highways
(b) State highways
(c) Rural roads
(d) Expressways

Ans: (c) Rural roads

6. Which mode of transport is best for heavy and bulky goods?
(a) Airways
(b) Roadways
(c) Waterways
(d) Cableways

Ans: (c) Waterways

7. Indian Railways is the ______ largest railway network in the world.
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth

Ans: (c) Third

8. The Karakoram Highway is known as:
(a) Coastal road
(b) National highway
(c) Frontier roadway
(d) Expressway

Ans: (c) Frontier roadway

9. Which is a tax-free port of India?
(a) Mumbai
(b) Chennai
(c) Kandla
(d) Kolkata

Ans: (c) Kandla

10. Which is the main modern medium of communication?
(a) Letter
(b) Telephone
(c) Internet
(d) Telegraph

Ans: (c) Internet

11. Transport and communication belong to which economic activity?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) Quaternary

Ans: (c) Tertiary

2. Very short-type questions and answers

2A. Fill in the blanks [1 mark each]

1. Pipelines are mainly used to transport __________ and gases. (Liquids)
2. The movement of goods and people from one place to another is called __________. (Transport)
3. The Karakoram Highway is the highest __________ roadway in the world. (Frontier)
4. The __________ Quadrilateral connects four major metro cities of India. (Golden)
5. The largest postal system in the world is in __________. (India)
6. A ship that does not follow a fixed route is called a __________. (Tramp)
7. __________ Port is a tax-free port of India. (Kandla)
8. __________ provides telecommunication services in India. (BSNL)
9. __________ roads connect villages with towns. (Rural)
10. Highways are known as __________ in England. (Motorways)

2B. True or False [1 mark each]

1. Pipelines are used to transport solid goods. (False)
2. Airways are the fastest mode of transport. (True)
3. Transport and communication belong to the primary sector. (False)
4. Waterways are suitable for carrying heavy goods. (True)
5. BSNL provides telecommunication services in India. (True)
6. Ocean liners do not follow fixed routes. (False)
7. Internet is a modern means of communication. (True)
8. Road transport is not flexible. (False)
9. Frontier roads are mainly built for defense purposes. (True)
10 Kandla is a tax-free port of India. (True)

2C. Very short-type questions and answers [1 mark each]

1. What is the method of moving goods and people from one place to another called?
Ans: The method of moving goods and people from one place to another is called transport.

2. What is the main medium mostly used in communication from a distance, in the present world?
Ans: The internet is the main medium mostly used for communication from a distance in the present world.

3. When was the usage of computers first started in India?
Ans: The usage of computers in India first started in the 1950s.

4. Where was the computer first used in India?
Ans: The computer was first used in India at the Indian Statistical Institute in Kolkata.

5. What is the full form of internet?
Ans: The full form of internet is Interconnected Network.

6. Which country has the largest postal system in the world?
Ans: India has the largest postal system in the world.

7. Between which two places does the NH-1 lie?
Ans: The NH-1 lies between Delhi and Amritsar.

8. When and where was the first postal service of the world started?
Ans: The first postal service in the world was started in ancient Persia around the 6th century BCE.

9. Name the highest frontier roadway of the world also mention its height.
Ans: The Karakoram Highway is the highest frontier roadway in the world, and it is about 4,693 meters above sea level.

10. Name the organisation that helps in telecommunication between India and foreign countries.
Ans: The organisation that helps in telecommunication between India and foreign countries is Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL).

11. In which city was the use of computers first started in Asia?
Ans: The use of computers in Asia was first started in Kolkata.

12. Name the largest news agency in India.
Ans: The largest news agency in India is the Press Trust of India.

13. Name the government organisation providing telecommunication service in India.
Ans: The government organisation providing telecommunication services in India is Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).

14. Name a tax-free port of India.
Ans: Kandla Port is a tax-free port of India.

3. Short-type questions and answers [2 marks each]

1. What is transport?
Ans: Transport refers to the movement of people, goods, and services from one place to another using different means such as road, rail, air, and water. It is essential for trade, economic development, and connecting different regions of a country.

2. Write two advantages and disadvantages of railway transport.
Ans: Railway transport is economical for long distances and can carry large quantities of goods and passengers at a time. It is also more energy-efficient compared to road transport. However, railways operate on fixed tracks and schedules, so they are less flexible. They also cannot provide door-to-door service.

3. What is the Golden Quadrilateral?
Ans: The Golden Quadrilateral is a major highway network project in India that connects the four metropolitan cities—Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata. It improves road connectivity, reduces travel time, and promotes trade and economic development.

4. Name the different types of surface transport.
Ans: Surface transport includes roadways, railways, and waterways. These modes operate on land and water surfaces and are mainly used for carrying passengers and goods within a country.

5. What is e-mail?
Ans: E-mail, or electronic mail, is a method of sending and receiving messages through the internet. It allows people to communicate quickly and share documents, images, and information across long distances.

6. What is cable transport?
Ans: Cable transport is a system in which goods or passengers are transported using cables suspended in the air. It is mainly used in hilly and mountainous regions where roads and railways are difficult to construct. Ropeways and cable cars are common examples.

7. What is entrepot?
Ans: An entrepot is a trading center or port where goods are imported, stored, and then re-exported to other countries. It plays an important role in international trade by acting as a distribution point.

8. What is modern communication system?
Ans: A modern communication system uses advanced technologies such as the internet, satellites, mobile networks, and digital media to send and receive information quickly and efficiently across long distances.

9. What is circular rain in India?
Ans: Circular rain refers to rainfall caused by cyclones, where winds move in a circular pattern around a low-pressure area. This type of rainfall is common in coastal regions of India during cyclonic storms.

10. What is tramp?
Ans: A tramp is a type of cargo ship that does not follow a fixed route or schedule. It moves from one port to another depending on the availability of goods, making it flexible for trade.

11. What is pavan fans?
Ans: Pavan fans refer to wind turbines or windmills that use wind energy to generate electricity. They are an important source of renewable and eco-friendly energy in India.

12. What is ocean liner?
Ans: An ocean liner is a large ship that operates on fixed routes and schedules between specific ports. It is used for transporting passengers and cargo regularly across oceans.

13. What is communication?
Ans: Communication is the process of sending and receiving information between people or places. It can take place through spoken words, written messages, or electronic means like phones and the internet.

4. Analytical questions and answers [3 marks each]

1. Write a short note on State Highways of India.
Ans: State highways are important roads that connect major cities, towns, and district headquarters within a state. They are maintained by state governments and serve as links between national highways and smaller roads. These highways play a key role in improving trade, transport, and communication within the state.

2. What are the advantages of road transport?
Ans:

Door-to-door service: Road transport provides door-to-door service, which makes it very convenient for carrying goods and passengers.
Suitable for short distances: Road transport is ideal for short-distance travel and for transporting small loads quickly.
Connectivity to remote areas: Road transport connects rural and remote areas where other modes of transport are not available.
Lower construction cost: Road transport requires less construction cost compared to railways and other transport systems.
Convenience and flexibility: Road transport offers flexible routes and timings, making it convenient for passengers and goods transport.

3. Name the different divisions of railways in India based on the regions they are spread over.
Ans:

Railway Zone	Region Covered
Northern Railway	Covers northern parts of India including Delhi and surrounding areas
Southern Railway	Covers southern states such as Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and parts of Karnataka
Eastern Railway	Covers eastern regions including West Bengal and nearby areas
Western Railway	Covers western states such as Maharashtra and Gujarat
Central Railway	Covers central parts of India including Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
North Eastern Railway	Covers north-eastern parts of Uttar Pradesh and nearby regions
South Eastern Railway	Covers parts of eastern India including Odisha and Jharkhand
North Western Railway	Covers regions of Rajasthan and surrounding areas
South Western Railway	Covers parts of Karnataka and neighbouring regions

4. Name the different means of transport in India.
Ans: The main means of transport in India include roadways, railways, waterways both inland and oceanic, airways, pipelines, and ropeways these together form a well-developed transport network.

5. What are international roadways and show its importance?
Ans: International roadways are roads that connect India with neighboring countries such as Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. These roads are important for trade, tourism, and cultural exchange. They help in the movement of goods and people across borders and also strengthen relations between countries.

6. Discuss the importance of road transport in the economic development of India.
Ans:

Movement of goods and people: Road transport plays a crucial role in moving goods and passengers efficiently across different regions of the country.
Link between farms and markets: Road transport connects agricultural areas with markets, enabling farmers to sell their produce easily and quickly.
Support to industries: Industries depend on road transport for carrying raw materials to factories and distributing finished goods to markets.
Promotion of trade and commerce: Road transport facilitates internal trade and helps in the smooth distribution of goods within the country.
Employment generation: Road transport creates employment opportunities in driving, logistics, maintenance, and related services.
Development of remote areas: Road transport helps in the development of rural and backward areas by improving connectivity and access to resources and services.

7. What are the disadvantages of road transport?
Ans:

High cost for long distances: Road transport becomes costly when goods are transported over long distances due to fuel and maintenance expenses.
Unsuitable for heavy goods: Road transport is not suitable for carrying very heavy or bulky materials compared to rail or water transport.
Traffic congestion and accidents: Road transport is often affected by traffic jams and accidents, which delay the movement of goods and passengers.
Weather conditions: Road transport is affected by heavy rain, floods, and landslides, which can damage roads and disrupt services.
Environmental pollution: Road transport contributes to air pollution due to emissions from vehicles, which harm the environment.

8. Classify the waterways in India.
Ans:

Inland waterways: Inland waterways in India include rivers, canals, and lakes that are used for transport within the country.
Oceanic waterways: Oceanic waterways in India refer to sea routes that connect the country with other parts of the world for international trade.

9. Classify the railway gauges in India.
Ans:

Broad gauge: The broad gauge has a width of 1.676 metres and is the most widely used railway gauge in India. It supports high speed, heavy loads, and forms the main network of Indian Railways.
Metre gauge: The metre gauge has a width of 1 metre and is less common in India. It is gradually being converted into broad gauge under the Unigauge policy to improve efficiency and connectivity.
Narrow gauge: The narrow gauge has a width of less than 1 metre (generally 0.762 m or 0.610 m) and is mainly found in hilly and remote areas. It is used for light traffic and special routes such as hill railways.

10. Mention the oceanic waterways of India.
Ans:

Route to Europe: India is connected to Europe through the Suez Canal route, which is one of the busiest trade routes.
Route to East and Southeast Asia: India has sea routes connecting it to countries of East and Southeast Asia for trade and commerce.
Route to Australia: India is connected to Australia through oceanic routes across the Indian Ocean.
Route to Africa: India maintains sea routes with African countries for exchange of goods and resources.
Route to North and South America: India is connected to North and South America through long-distance oceanic trade routes.

5. Explanatory questions and answers [5 marks each]

1. What is the importance of transportation system?
Ans: Transportation is essential for the development of a country as it connects people, goods, and services.

Economic growth: The transportation system plays a vital role in economic growth by facilitating trade and commerce and enabling the movement of goods from producers to consumers efficiently.
Industrial development: The transportation system supports industries by supplying raw materials to factories and distributing finished goods to markets.
Agricultural development: The transportation system helps farmers to transport their agricultural produce to distant markets, ensuring better prices and reducing wastage.
Regional development: The transportation system connects remote and backward areas with developed regions, promoting balanced regional development.
Social integration: The transportation system enables people to travel, interact, and exchange ideas, which strengthens social and cultural unity.
Access to services: The transportation system makes essential services such as education, healthcare, and administration accessible to people.
National unity: The transportation system connects different parts of the country and strengthens national integration and unity.
Disaster management: The transportation system plays an important role in rescue and relief operations during natural disasters by providing quick access to affected areas.
Tourism development: The transportation system promotes tourism by making tourist destinations easily accessible, which generates income and employment.

2. What is the role of railways in the internal transportation system of India?
Ans: Railways play a vital role in India’s internal transportation system and are considered the backbone of the country’s transport network.

Mass Transport: Railways carry a large number of passengers and huge quantities of goods over long distances at low cost.
Economic Development: They help in the movement of raw materials to industries and finished goods to markets, promoting industrial growth.
National Integration: Railways connect remote areas with major cities, strengthening unity and integration.
Employment Generation: Indian Railways provide employment to millions of people.
Energy Efficient: Rail transport is more fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly compared to road transport.
Support to Agriculture: Farmers can transport crops quickly to different markets across the country.
Strategic Importance: Railways are crucial for defense purposes, enabling movement of troops and materials.
Tourism Development: They connect tourist destinations, promoting tourism.